The Solar System

It is known as Solar System the “group of bodies: planets, satellites, asteroids, meteorites and comets that orbit around the Sun”. There are different theories explaining the origin of the Solar System, including the nebular, the catastrophic, and the gas and dust cloud.

https://youtu.be/ZHAqT4hXnMw

Components.

• Planets. Dull bodies that are capable of reflecting light and revolve around the Sun in elliptical orbits. Their name comes from the Greek “planēt-”, that literally means “wanderer".

• Asteroids. Refers to rocky bodies, of different shapes and sizes that orbit around the Sun, especially in the inner Solar System. The biggest of the known asteroids, Ceres, is sometimes called a dwarf Planet as Pluto or Eris. Asteroids are also known as planetoids.

• Satellites. They are small rocky bodies that move around bigger objects, especially planets. The bigger satellites of the Solar System are in that order Ganymede (Jupiter III), Titan (Saturn VI), Callisto (Jupiter IV), Io (Jupiter I), Moon (Earth I), Europa (Jupiter II), Triton (Neptune I) and Titania (Uranus III).

• Meteoroids / meteorites / meteors. Meteoroids are little chunks of rock or debris in space. They are solid bodies that origin from the destruction of comets or asteroids, and that cross the space with big velocity. They become meteors -- or shooting stars -- when they fall through a planet's atmosphere leaving a bright trail as they are heated to incandescence by the friction of the atmosphere. Pieces that survive the journey and hit the ground are called meteorites.

• Comets. The word comet means “hairy body” and they are low density bodies, basically cosmic snowballs of frozen gases, rock and dust roughly the size of a small town. Comets move around the Sun in very long, elliptical orbits.

• Sun. It is a yellow star that even located 150 million kilometers away from Earth; it still is its source of energy. Without the sun's intense energy and heat, there would be no life on Earth. The Equator of the Sun is 4,370,005.6 km, which is 109.2 times greater than the Earth’s; and its surface is at 5,500 °C. If the sun were as tall as a typical front door, Earth would be about the size of a coin.